在今天的山东省临沂市，曾有一位儒家泰斗生活于此，他即是我国伟大的念念想家、文体家、锻练家——荀子，他的念念想对中国古代玄学和文化产生了长远的影响，被后世誉为“后圣”。

　　In Linyi City, Shandong Province, there once lived a towering figure of Confucianism—Xunzi, a great philosopher, scholar, and educator. His ideas profoundly influenced ancient Chinese philosophy and culture, earning him the title of “Successor Sage“ in generations.

　　从稷放学宫祭酒到兰陵令

　　From Chancellor of Jixia Academy to Governor of Lanling

　　荀子（约公元前313-前238年），名况，字卿，战国末期赵国东说念主。荀子的东说念主生经验丰富而特有，一世为终了联想抱负迤逦于列国之间。他早年展现出对学术的浓厚深嗜深嗜与深厚的天资，曾游学于皆国稷放学宫，并三次担任祭酒。自后，他曾到秦国造就政事军事、民俗情面等，并建议秦昭王重用儒士，但未被给与。荀子迤逦于皆、赵、楚之间，最终在楚国任兰陵令，一边从政一边文章，直至物化。纵不雅荀子的游历生活，既有三十余年在稷放学宫“三为祭酒”“最为敦厚”的高光时分，又有晚年两任楚国兰陵令近二十年的行政体验，使得他能等闲斗争各式念念想派系，为自己念念想表面体系的造成提供了富有的泥土。

　　Xunzi (circa 313-238 BCE), named Kuang with the courtesy name Qing, was a native of the State of Zhao during the late Warring States period. The life experiences of Xunzi were rich and unique, as he journeyed between various states throughout his life in pursuit of his ideals. In his early years, he displayed a keen interest and profound talent for scholarship, studying at Jixia Academy of Qi and thrice serving as its chancellor. Later, he visited the State of Qin to observe and study its political, military affairs, and customs, advising King Zhao of Qin to employ Confucian scholars, though his suggestion was not heeded. He then moved between the State of Qi, Zhao, and Chu, ultimately serving as Lanling's governor in Chu, where he managed state affairs until his death. Throughout his travels, Xunzi experienced both the zenith of serving as Jixia academy's chancellor for over thirty years, and the administrative depths of twice serving as Lanling's governor in Chu for nearly two decades. These experiences allowed him to interact with diverse schools of thought, nurturing the soil for his own philosophical system.

　　念念想集大成者：性恶论与礼乐不雅

　　A Master of Thought: Theory of Human Nature as Evil and Views on Rituals and Music

　　在念念想上，荀子是先秦时间各抒所见的集大成者。尽管他以儒家学者自居，但他也对诸子百家念念想进行了批判性的领受，融百家之长，并对儒家念念想进行了翻新发展。他提议的“性恶论”以为东说念主性本恶，需要通事后天的学习和教悔来改善东说念主的品质。此外，他还提倡“隆礼重法”的礼乐不雅，强调礼乐轨制的蹙迫性以及法律的拘谨力。“学弗成以已”的学习不雅、“以义制利”的说念德不雅、“知之不若行”的引申不雅等都是齐人好猎的张含韵。

　　Philosophically, Xunzi was a master synthesizer during the Hundred Schools of Thought era in pre-Qin China. Though identifying as a Confucian, he critically absorbed ideas from various schools, integrating their strengths while innovatively developing Confucian ideology. His famous doctrine, “The Nature of Man is Evil,“ posits that human nature is inherently evil and that only through education and moral cultivation can it be improved. Furthermore, he advocated a view of rituals and music that “exalts propriety and emphasizes law,“ stressing the importance of ritual systems and legal constraints. His views on learning “Learning is a never-ending process“, ethics “Morality should govern profit“, and practice “Knowing is not as good as doing“ remain timeless treasures.

　　滥觞于稷放学宫，熟谙于兰陵，荀子的念念想博大深通，自后成为法家先导。在两千多年后的今天，他的念念想仍耐久弥新，在皆鲁地面上醒目着聪惠的光辉。

　　His ideas, which began to take shape at Jixia Academy and matured in Lanling, later became precursors to Legalist thought. Even over two thousand years later, Xunzi's wisdom continues to shine brightly, illuminating the land of Qilu with its enduring brilliance.

　　（部分素材起原：全球日报、中国孔子网、兰陵县东说念主民政府网站）

　　无尽责任出品

　　视频：周溪琳

　　案牍：武玮佳 徐立璇（实习裁剪） 刘明婕（实习裁剪）

　　配音：武玮佳欧洲杯体育